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Acronyms and Abbreviations

Decimal Units
10+18 exa
10+15 peta
10+12 tera
10+9 giga
10+6 mega
10+3 kilo
100 ----
10-3 milli
10-6 micro
10-9 nano
10-12 pico
10-15 femto
10-18 atto

 

2D two dimensional

3D three dimensional

A

AEI Advanced Energy Initiative

AFM atomic force microscopy

ARS Agricultural Research Service, USDA

ASA American Society of Agronomy

ATP adenosine triphosphate

B

BER Office of Biological and Environmental Research, DOE

Bgal billion gallons

BSCL Biomass Surface Characterization Laboratory, DOE

BTAC Biomass Research and Development Technical Advisory Committee, DOE-USDA

C

CBM cellulose-binding molecule, carbohydrate-binding module

CBP consolidated bioprocessing

cDNA complementary DNA

CREP Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program

CSSA Crop Science Society of America

D

DNA deoxyribonucleic acid

DOE U.S. Department of Energy

E

EERE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, DOE

EIA Energy Information Administration

ELSI ethical, legal, and social issues

EPAct Energy Policy Act of 2005

EST expressed sequence tag

F

FAQs frequently asked questions

FER fossil energy-replacement ratio

FT Fischer Tropsch

FRET fluorescence resonance energy transfer

FTIR Fourier transform infrared (spectroscopy)

G

GC gas chromatography

GC-MS gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

GEC Governors' Ethanol Coalition

GH glycosyl hydrolase

GHG greenhouse gas

Genomic Science Genomic Science program, DOE (formerly Genomics:GTL and Genomes to Life)

GTL see Genomic Science

H

HTP high throughput

I

IEA International Energy Agency

IR infrared (spectroscopy)

J

JGI Joint Genome Institute, DOE

L

LCC lignin carbohydrate complex

LIMS laboratory information management system

M

Mton million tons

Macre million acres

Mb megabase

Mgal million gallons

MSW municipal solid waste

MRI magnetic resonance imaging

MS mass spectrometry, spectroscopy

MVA multivariate analyis

N

NAD, NADH, NAD(H) nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

NADP, NADPH, NADP(H) nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

NCEP National Commission on Energy Policy

NEP National Energy Policy

NEPDG National Energy Policy Development Group

NIR near infrared (spectroscopy)

NMR nuclear magnetic resonance

NRDC Natural Resources Defense Council

NREL National Renewable Energy Laboratory, DOE

NSF National Science Foundation

O

OASCR Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, DOE

OBER see BER

OBP Office of the Biomass Program, DOE

OIT Office of Industrial Technologies, DOE

Q

QTL quantitative trait locus

R

RDDD&D research, development, demonstration, deployment, and decommissioning

RFA Renewable Fuels Association

R&D research and development

RNA ribonucleic acid

S

SC Office of Science, DOE

SEM scanning electron microscopy

SNP single nucleotide polymorphism

SOC soil organic carbon

SSF simultaneous saccharification and fermentation

SSCF simultaneous saccharification and cofermentation

SSR simple sequence repeat

SSSA Soil Science Society of America

T

T-DNA transferred DNA

TEM transmission electron microscopy

TIGR The Institute for Genomic Research

U

USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture

UV ultraviolet

Additional acronyms available on the Human Genome Project Information site.

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Genomic Science-Related BER Research Highlights

  • Switchgrass Sequencing Provides Insight into Genome Structure and Organization [Apr 12, 2012]
    Perennial switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is capable of producing high biomass yields wi [more...]
  • Understanding How Bacteria Use Sunlight [Apr 05, 2012]
    Cyanobacteria are prime candidates for the biological production of biofuels, especially hydrogen [more...]
  • Using Systems Biology to Understand Complex Microbial Communities [Mar 27, 2012]
    The ability to effectively model and predict integrated functional properties across complex grou [more...]
  • Microbes Stress Out During Conversion of Pretreated Biomass to Biofuels [Mar 02, 2012]
    Chemical pretreatment of plant biomass prior to enzymatic breakdown significantly improves the re [more...]
  • Using High-Performance Computing to Study the Hydration of Cellobiose [Feb 16, 2012]
    Cellobiose, the two glucose basic repeat unit of cellulose, is formed during enzymatic or acidic [more...]
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